Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition characterised by thickening of the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus. It is most commonly caused by hormonal imbalance, particularly prolonged exposure to oestrogen without adequate progesterone opposition.
In certain cases, endometrial hyperplasia may represent a precancerous condition, making accurate diagnosis and appropriate management essential.
Endometrial hyperplasia is broadly classified into two main categories:
This distinction is crucial for treatment planning.
Endometrial hyperplasia most commonly presents with:
Any post-menopausal bleeding requires prompt medical assessment.
Diagnosis is based on a combination of:
Histological assessment is essential to differentiate between non-atypical and atypical hyperplasia.
Hyperplasia without atypia carries a low risk of progression to cancer.
In contrast, atypical hyperplasia is considered a precancerous lesion and may coexist with or progress to endometrial cancer.
Careful evaluation and individualised management are therefore required.
Treatment depends on:
Treatment decisions are guided by international clinical recommendations.
