Vulvar cancer is a rare type of gynaecological cancer that develops in the external female genital organs, including the labia majora and minora. It occurs more commonly in older women but may also affect younger women, particularly when associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management are crucial for prognosis and preservation of quality of life.
Symptoms of vulvar cancer may be subtle or develop gradually and include:
Any persistent vulvar lesion or symptom requires gynaecological assessment.
Diagnosis is based on:
The aim is to confirm the diagnosis and achieve accurate staging of the disease.
Treatment depends on:
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and may include:
Whenever possible, a conservative surgical approach is preferred, aiming to preserve anatomy and function while maintaining oncological safety.
In selected cases, additional treatment may include:
Treatment decisions are guided by international clinical guidelines.
Management of vulvar cancer by a specialised gynaecological oncologist is essential, as it requires:
The diagnosis of vulvar cancer can have a significant physical and psychological impact. Clear information, open communication and ongoing support are integral parts of the therapeutic process.
Care is always individualised, with respect for the patient’s needs, priorities and quality of life.
