Menopause is a natural stage in every woman’s life and is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation due to loss of ovarian function. It is diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without a period, in the absence of another pathological cause.
It usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, although the age of onset and the severity of symptoms vary significantly between women.
Before menopause, women go through perimenopause, a transitional period that may last several years. During this phase:
Menopause marks the end of reproductive life, but not the end of women’s health or quality of life.
Symptoms are mainly related to reduced oestrogen levels and may include:
Symptoms may range from mild to severe and can significantly affect daily life.
Oestrogen deficiency may affect:
For this reason, menopause concerns not only symptom control, but also long-term prevention.
The diagnosis of menopause is mainly based on:
Hormonal tests may be requested in specific cases, such as suspected premature menopause or atypical symptoms.
Management of menopause is individualised and may include:
The goal is not only symptom relief, but also preservation of health and quality of life.
